Iyo silkscreen, inozivikanwawo seye solder mask legend, zvinyorwa kana zviratidzo zvakadhindwa paPCB uchishandisa ingi yakasarudzika kuona zvikamu, mabatiro, marogo emhando pamwe nekufambisa otomatiki kuungana. Ichiita semepu yekutungamira huwandu hwePCB uye kugadzirisa, iyi yepamusoro-soro inoita basa rinoshamisa rinoshamisa rinotarisana nekuita, kushambadzira, zvimiro zvekutonga uye aesthetics.
Mabasa Anokosha.
Pamabhodhi akaomeswa edunhu anogara mazana emaminetsi ezvikamu, iyo legend inobatsira kuita pfungwa yezviri pasi pekubatana kwezvishandiso.
1. Component Identification
Nhamba dzezvikamu, kukosha (10K, 0.1uF) uye mapolarity markings (-+) akanyorwa padivi pechikamu mapedhi anobatsira kukurumidza kuzivikanwa kwekuona panguva yekugadzira nemaoko, kuongorora uye kugadzirisa.
2. Bhodhi Information
Details senge PCB nhamba, vhezheni, mugadziri, bhodhi basa (odhiyo amplifier, magetsi emagetsi) kazhinji sirika yakaongororwa yekutevera uye sevhisi akaiswa mabhodhi.
3. Connector Pinouts
Pini manhamba inoyananiswa nengano inobatsira kuisirwa kwetambo dzekubatanidza kune interface ine onboard interface (USB, HDMI).
4. Zvinyorwa zveBhodi
Mitsetse yakachekwa yeEdge yakanyatso kuchekwa inoratidza hukuru, kutaridzika uye mabhodhi anobatsira panelization uye de-paneling.
5. Assembly Aids Fiducials mamaki padivi maburi ekushandisa anoshanda sezero referefeta nzvimbo dzeautomated optical pick-and-place machines kuti zvizadze nemazvo zvinhu.
6. Thermal Indicators Rudzi kuchinja tembiricha ngano ngano anogona nemaziso mureza overheating nyaya pamusoro kumhanya mapuranga.
7. Branding Elements Logos, taglines uye graphic zviratidzo zvinobatsira kuziva maOEMs emudziyo anoshandira kuwedzera kuzivikanwa kwemhando. Tsika dzehunyanzvi ngano dzinowedzerawo aesthetic hupfumi.
Iine miniaturization inogonesa kushanda kukuru pane sikweya inch, silkscreen clues inotungamira vashandisi uye mainjiniya mhiri kwePCB lifecycle.
Kuvaka uye Zvishandiso
Iyo silkscreen inosanganisira epoxy-based inki yakadhindwa pamusoro peiyo solder mask layer inobvumira iyo yakasvibira PCB base kuti ipe musiyano pazasi. Kuunza yakapinza resolution kubva kuCAD-yakashandurwa gerber data, yakasarudzika screen kudhinda, inkjet kana photolithography matekiniki anodhinda ngano.
Zvivakwa zvakaita semakemikari/abrasion kuramba, kugadzikana kweruvara, kunamatira uye kuchinjika zvinotarisa kukodzera kwezvinhu:
Epoxy -Yakawanda yakajairika pamutengo, maitiro inoenderana
Silicone - Inotsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya
Polyurethane- Flexible, UV inodzivirira
Epoxy-Polyester - Sanganisa masimba epoxy & polyester
Ichena ndiyo yakajairwa ngano ruvara ine dema, bhuruu, tsvuku uye yero zvakare iri kufarirwa. Sarudza-ne-nzvimbo michina ine makamera anotarisa pasi asi anofarira masiki machena kana akachenuruka yero pasi kuti mutsauko wakakwana kuona zvikamu.
Yepamberi PCB tekinoroji inowedzera kusimbisa ngano kugona:
Embedded Inks- Inks yakapinzwa mu substrate kuendesa mamaki anopokana nekupfeka kwepamusoro / kubvaruka
Yakasimudzwa Ink- Inovaka yakasimba tactile legend yakanakira mavara pane zvinobatanidza, switch nezvimwe.
Glow Legends- Iine luminescent poda inobhadhariswa nechiedza kupenya murima rinobatsira kuoneka
Akavanzika Ngano- Ink inoonekwa chete pasi peUV backlighting inochengetedza zvakavanzika
Peel-off - Multi-layer reversible legends anoratidza ruzivo sezvinodiwa kuburikidza yega yega chinamira layer
Kushanda zvakanyanya kupfuura mamakisi ekutanga, ingi dzengano dzakasimba dzinopa simba rekuwedzera kushanda.
Kukosha Mukugadzira
Iyo PCB silkscreen inorerutsa otomatiki kutyaira nekukurumidza kuungana kwemabhodhi. Sarudza uye isa michina inotsamira pane chikamu chezvinyorwa uye fiducials mungano ye:
Centering mapuranga
Kuziva zvikamu zvenhamba/zvinokosha kuburikidza nekuzivikanwa kwemavara
Kusimbisa kuvapo/kusavapo kwezvikamu
Kuongorora polarity alignment
Kutaura chokwadi chekuisa
Izvi zvinomhanyisa kurongedza-isina kukanganisa kurodha kwezvidiki chip zvikamu zvidiki se0201 (0.6mm x 0.3mm) saizi!
Post-population, automated optical inspection (AOI) makamera zvakare anonongedzera ngano kuti isimbise:
Rudzi rwechikamu / kukosha
Maonero akakodzera
Madiresi anoenderana (5% resistor tolerance etc)
Bhodhi yekupedzisa mhando inopesana nefiducials
Muchina unoverengeka matrix barcode uye QR macode akaiswa mungano anobatsirawo kurongedza mabhodhi achivabatanidza kune yakakodzera data data.
Kure nepamusoro-soro, sirika sikirini zviratidzo zvinotyaira otomatiki, traceability uye mhando mukugadzirwa kwese.
PCB Mitemo
Zviyero zveindasitiri zvinotonga zvimwe zvinosungirwa silkscreen zvinhu kurerutsa kudyidzana uye kugadzirisa kwemunda zvemagetsi.
IPC-7351 - Generic Zvinodiwa zveSurface Mount Dhizaini uye Land Pateni Standard
Inomanikidzirwa chikamu ID ine referenzi dhizaini (R8, C3), mhando (RES, CAP) uye kukosha (10K, 2u2).
Zita rebhodhi, zita rekuvhara ruzivo
Special zviratidzo sepasi
IPC-6012 - Kufanirwa uye Kuita kweRigid Akadhindwa Mabhodhi
Rudzi rwezvinhu (FR4)
Zuva rekodhi (YYYY-MM-DD)
Panelization details
Nyika/kambani kwakabva
Barcode/2D kodhi
ANSI Y32.16 - Graphical Symbols yeMagetsi uye Electronics Diagrams
Voltage zviratidzo
Dziviriro pasi zviratidzo
Electrostatic yambiro logos
Yakamisikidzwa yekuona identifiers inomhanyisa kugadzirisa matambudziko uye kusimudzira mumunda.
Common Footprint Symbols
Kushandisa zvakare akapupurirwa tsoka silkscreen mamaki kune anowanzo mativi anochengetedza kuenderana muPCB madhizaini anobatsira musangano.
| Chikamu | Symbol | Description | |———–|——————| | Resistor |
| Rectangular rondedzero inoratidza mhando yezvinhu, kukosha, kushivirira uye wattage | | Capacitor |
| Semicircular radial/yakaturikidzana marongero ane capacitance kukosha | | Diode |
| Mutsetse wemuseve unoratidza kwakananga kuyerera kwazvino | | LED |
| Inofananidzira LED pasuru chimiro; inoratidza cathode/anode | | Crystal |
| Stylized hexagonal/parallelogram quartz crystal ine pasi pini | | Connector |
| Chikamu chemhuri silhouette (USB,HDMI) ine mapini ane nhamba| | Testpoint |
| Denderedzwa rekuongorora mapadhi ekusimbisa uye diagnostics | | Pad |
| Edge marker yekumusoro gomo mudziyo kwayakarerekera tsoka | | Fiducial |
| Kunyoresa crosshair kunotsigira otomatiki optical alignment |
Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, mamakisi akakodzera anobatsira kuzivikanwa.
Kukosha kweSilkscreen Quality
Ne densifying PCBs, kuburitsa zvinhu zvakanaka zvinounza matambudziko. A high performance legend kudhindwa kunofanirwa kuburitsa:
1. Mavara Echokwadi akanyatso kurongeka kune akakodzera ekumhara mapedhi, micheto nezvimwewo kuchengetedza 1: 1 match kune zviri pasi pezvinhu.
2. Legibility Crisp, misiyano yakakwirira inoverengwa nyore; Diki mavara ≥1.0mm kureba, Fine mitsetse ≥0.15mm upamhi.
3. Durability Bata zvisina mhosva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvepasi zvinhu; inopesana nekugadzirisa / kushanda kunetseka.
4. Registration Dimensions inoenderana neCAD yekutanga ichibvumira kuvharika pachena kwekuongorora otomatiki.
Ngano isina kukwana ine mavara asina kujeka, kurongeka kwakatsveyama kana kusakwana kusungirirana kunotungamira kune kutadza kugadzira kana kutadza kwemunda. Saka inowirirana silkscreen mhando inosimbisa PCB kuvimbika.
Kunyangwe zviziviso zvidiki zvine kukosha kukuru kutungamira zvine chinangwa system kushanda.
Emerging Trends
Kuvandudzwa kwakakosha mukudhinda kwakaringana kunowedzera kugona silkscreen:
Inki Yakamisikidzwa: Yakavigwa nekuchenjerera pakati pematuru, ngano dzakaiswa dzinodzivirira kupfekwa kwekusimudzira ruggedness inodiwa mumhepo, kudzivirira uye zvemagetsi zvemotokari.
Ngano Dzakavanzika: Isingaonekwe ultraviolet florescent mamaki anongoonekwa pasi peUV backlighting anobatsira kuviga ruzivo rwakanaka rwekuwana ruzivo senge mapassword pane akachengeteka masisitimu.
Peel Layers: Tsigiro dzakaturikidzana zvimiti zvinobvumira vashandisi kuti vasarudze kuburitsa mamwe maficha pane zvinodiwa.
Yakasimudzwa Ink: Gadzira yakasimba tactile mamaki akanakira kunyora mabhatani, toggles uye interface ports mumashandisirwo akatarisana nevanhu.
Kubata kwehunyanzvi: Mavara anopenya uye tsika magiraidhi anokweretesa hupfumi hwekushongedza uku uchichengetedza kushanda.
Tichishandisa kufambira mberi kwakadaro, silkscreen yemazuva ano inopa simba maPCB kuzivisa, kuchengetedza, kubatsira, uye kunyange kuvaraidza vashandisi vachichengeta hunhu hwakakosha.
Mienzaniso
Zvinyorwa zvitsva zvinoratidzwa munzvimbo dzese:
SpaceTech - NASA's Mars Perseverance rover muna 2021 yakatakura maPCB ane ngano dzakasimba dzakamisikidzwa dzinoshingirira kumamiriro ekushanda akaomarara.
AutoTech - Mutengesi weauto weGerman Bosch muna 2019 akafumura maPCB akangwara ane mapeel-off stickers anoburitsa dhata rekuongorora chete kune vatengesi vane mvumo.
MedTech -Abbott's FreeStyle Libre inoenderera mberi glucose monitors mutambo wakasimudza tactile mabhatani achibvumira kupinda kuri nyore nekuona varwere vane chirwere cheshuga.
5G Telecom - Huawei's flagship Kirin 9000 mobile chipset ine akawanda-mavara ngano anosimbisa madomasi senge application processor, 5G modem uye AI logic.
Mutambo - Nvidia's GeForce RTX yemifananidzo kadhi yakatevedzana inoratidzira premium sirivha sirika yekuongorora uye simbi logos inoburitsa Enthusiast kukwezva.
IoT Wearables - Fitbit Charge smart bhendi inorongedza akawanda-sensor PCBs ane dense chikamu mamaki mukati me slim profile.
Chokwadi, iyo inoyevedza silkscreen zvakaenzana kumba mumagetsi evatengi kana masisitimu akasarudzika anoenderera nekusimudzira ruzivo rwevashandisi munzvimbo dzese.
Evolution of kugona
Kusundirwa nezvinodikanwa zveindasitiri zvisingaite, ngano itsva inoenderera mberi ichiburitsa mikana mitsva.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Q1. Unogona here silkscreen mativi ese ePCB?
Ehe, kazhinji iyo yekumusoro side silkscreen inotakura mamaki ekutanga (yezvinhu zvine vanhu) nepo pazasi paine zvinyorwa zvine chekuita nekugadzirwa senge mapanera miganhu kana mirairo yenzira. Izvi zvinodzivirira kusanganisa maonero epamusoro egungano.
Q2. Iyo solder mask layer inodzivirira iyo silkscreen legend?
Iyo solder mask inoiswa pamusoro pemhangura isina chinhu pamberi pesirikikirini inopa kemikari uye michina kuramba ichichengetedza iyo isina kusimba ngano ingi pazasi kubva pakugadzirisa zvinonyungudutsa uye kushushikana kwegungano. Saka ese ari maviri anoshanda akabatana nemasiki ekudzivirira mateki uye nengano inotungamira huwandu hwevanhu.
Q3. Chii chinonzi silkscreen ukobvu?
Iyo yakarapwa silkscreen inki firimu inowanzoyera pakati pe3-8 mils (75 - 200 microns). Machira akakora pamusoro pegumi mils anogona kukanganisa chigaro chechikamu nepo kutetepa kusakwana kufukidzwa kuchitadza kuchengetedza ngano. Kukwenenzvera ukobvu kunovimbisa kusimba kwakakwana.
Q4. Iwe unogona here kupenya mune silkscreen layer?
Chokwadi panelization maficha senge bhodhi maratidziro, akaputsika tabu kana maburi ekushandisa anobatsira pakuronga akarongedzerwa maPCB ekugadziriswa kwebatch / kubata. Tsanangudzo dzeboka dzakanyatsomakwa mune silkscreen iyo inogara pamusoro ichibvumira zvirinani kutarisisa pane yemukati machira.
Q5. Masikirini egirinhi egirinhi anodiwa here?
Nepo chero ruvara rwuri nyore kuoneka ruchishanda, mitsetse yekusangana inofarira ngano dzakachena kana dzegirinhi pane akabatikana kana mabhodhi ane mavara akasviba anobatsira kuzivikanwa nemakamera anotarisisa pasi. Nekudaro, hunyanzvi hwekamera huri kubuda hunokunda zvisingakwanisi, kuvhura sarudzo dzemavara ekugadzirisa.
Kuchinjira kune kuwedzera kwekugadzira uye kushanda zvakaomarara, iyo isingashamisi PCB silkscreen inosimuka kune chiitiko ichiunza kunaka kuburikidza nekureruka! Inopa vashandisi simba uye mainjiniya zvakafanana pakugadzira uye zvigadzirwa zvehupenyu kuti uwedzere kuumba mikana yemagetsi. Chokwadi, vanonyararidza vanopokana, zviziviso zvidiki zvakadhindwa zvakapararira pabhodhi zvinotaura zvakawanda zvinogonesa cacophony yezvinoshamisa zvetekinoroji!
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-06-2023
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