SMT solder bridging idambudziko rakajairika rinosangana nevagadziri vemagetsi panguva yegungano. Chiitiko ichi chinoitika apo solder inobatanidza zvisizvo zvikamu zviviri zviri pedyo kana nzvimbo dzinofambisa, zvichiita kuti kupfupika kwedunhu kana kukanganisa kushanda.Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora kuomesesa kweSMT solder mabhiriji, kusanganisira zvazvinokonzeresa, matanho ekudzivirira, uye mhinduro dzinoshanda.
1.Chii chinonzi SMT PCB Solder Bridging:
SMT solder bridging inozivikanwawo se "solder ipfupi" kana "solder bhiriji,"inoitika panguva yekuungana kwepamusoro Mount tekinoroji (SMT) zvikamu pane yakadhindwa yedunhu bhodhi (PCB). MuSMT, zvikamu zvinoiswa zvakananga kuPCB pamusoro, uye solder paste inoshandiswa kugadzira magetsi uye ma mechanical connections pakati pechikamu nePCB. Munguva yekushambadzira, solder paste inoiswa kune PCB pads uye inotungamira yeSMT zvikamu. Iyo PCB inobva yapiswa, zvichiita kuti solder paste inyunguduke uye ichiyerera, ichigadzira chisungo pakati pechikamu nePCB.
2.Zvikonzero zveSMT PCB Solder Bridging:
SMT solder bridging inoitika kana kubatanidza kusingatarisirwe kwakaumbwa pakati pemapadhi ari padyo kana kutungamira pabhodhi redunhu rakadhindwa (PCB) panguva yegungano. Ichi chiitiko chinogona kutungamirira kumatunhu mafupi, kushamwaridzana kusina kururama uye kukanganisa kwese kwemagetsi emagetsi.
SMT solder mabhiriji anogona kuitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kusakwana solder paste vhoriyamu, zvisirizvo kana kusarongeka stencil dhizaini, isina kukwana solder joint reflow, PCB kusvibiswa, uye yakawandisa flux yakasara.Kusakwana kwehuwandu hwe solder paste ndechimwe chezvikonzero zve solder mabhiriji. Munguva yekutsikisa stencil, solder paste inoiswa kune PCB pads uye chikamu chinotungamira. Kana iwe ukasaisa akakwana solder paste, unogona kupedzisira uine yakaderera standoff kureba, zvinoreva kuti hapazove nenzvimbo yakakwana yekuti solder paste inyatso batanidza chikamu kune pad. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kune zvisina kufanira chikamu kupatsanurwa uye kuumbwa kwe solder mabhiriji pakati pezvikamu zviri pedyo. Kusarongeka kwe stencil dhizaini kana kusarongeka kunogona kukonzera solder bhiriji.
Zvisizvo zvakagadzirwa stencils zvinogona kukonzera kusaenzana solder paste deposition panguva solder paste application. Izvi zvinoreva kuti panogona kunge paine solder paste yakawandisa mune dzimwe nzvimbo uye kushoma mune dzimwe nzvimbo.Unbalanced solder paste deposition inogona kukonzera solder bridging pakati pezvikamu zviri padyo kana nzvimbo dzinoitisa paPCB. Saizvozvo, kana stencil isina kurongeka zvakanaka panguva yekunyorera solder paste, inogona kuita kuti iyo solder deposits iite zvisizvo uye kugadzira mabhiriji ekutengesa.
Kusakwana solder joint reflow ndechimwe chikonzero che solder bridging. Munguva yekushambadzira, iyo PCB ine solder paste inopisa kune imwe tembiricha kuitira kuti solder paste inyunguduke uye inoyerera ichiita solder majoini.Kana iyo tembiricha profile kana reflow marongero asina kuiswa nenzira kwayo, solder paste inogona kusanyungudika zvachose kana kuyerera nemazvo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kunyungudika kusina kukwana uye kupatsanurwa kusina kukwana pakati pemapadhi ari padyo kana mitobvu, zvichikonzera kubhuroka kwemasoja.
PCB kusvibiswa ndicho chikonzero chinowanzokonzera solder bridging. Pamberi pekugadzirisa, zvinosvibisa zvakaita seguruva, unyoro, mafuta, kana zvinosara zvinogona kunge zviripo paPCB.Izvi zvinosvibisa zvinogona kukanganisa kunyorova kwakakodzera uye kuyerera kwe solder, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune solder kuumba kusanganisa kusingatarisirwi pakati pemapadhi ari padyo kana kuti anotungamira.
Yakawandisa flux yakasara inogonawo kukonzera solder mabhiriji kuti aumbe. Flux ikemikari inoshandiswa kubvisa okisidhi kubva pasimbi uye kukurudzira solder wetting panguva ye soldering.Nekudaro, kana iyo flux isina kucheneswa zvakakwana mushure mekutengesa, inogona kusiya yakasara. Izvi zvinosara zvinogona kuita senge conductive svikiro, zvichibvumira mutengesi kuti agadzire zvisingatarisirwe zvinongedzo uye solder mabhiriji pakati pepadhi padhuze kana anotungamira paPCB.
3. Matanho ekudzivirira eSMT PCB solder mabhiriji:
A. Optimize stencil dhizaini uye kurongeka: Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakudzivirira mabhiriji ekutengesa ndiko optimizing stencil dhizaini uye kuve nechokwadi kurongeka kwakaringana panguva yekushandisa solder paste.Izvi zvinosanganisira kudzikisira saizi yekuvhura kudzora huwandu hwe solder paste yakaiswa paPCB pads. Madiki pore saizi anobatsira kuderedza mukana wekuwandisa solder paste kupararira uye kukonzera bhiriji. Pamusoro pezvo, kutenderedza mipendero yemaburi e stencil kunogona kukurudzira kusunungurwa kwe solder paste uye kuderedza maitiro ekutengesa kubhiriji pakati pemapadhi ari padyo. Kuita maitiro ekurwisa bhiriji, sekubatanidza mabhiriji madiki kana maburi mudhizaini yestencil, zvinogonawo kubatsira kudzivirira bhiriji rekutengesa. Aya mabhii ekudzivirira mabhiriji anoumba chipingamupinyi chemuviri chinovharira kuyerera kwe solder pakati pemapedhi ari padyo, nokudaro zvichideredza mukana wekugadzira bhiriji. Kurongeka kwakaringana kwetemplate panguva yekumisikidza kwakakosha kuchengetedza nzvimbo inodiwa pakati pezvikamu. Misalignment inoguma isina kuenzana solder paste deposition, izvo zvinowedzera njodzi yemabhiriji ekutengesa. Kushandisa alignment system senge yechiratidzo system kana laser alignment inogona kuve nechokwadi chekuisa stencil uye kuderedza kuitika kwe solder bridging.
B. Chengetedza chiyero che solder paste: Kudzora chiyero che solder paste kunokosha kudzivirira kudarika-deposition, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kune solder bridging.Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinofanirwa kutariswa pakusarudza huwandu hwakakwana hwe solder paste. Izvi zvinosanganisira pitch yechikamu, kukora kwestencil, uye saizi yepadhi. Component spacing inoita basa rakakosha pakuona huwandu hwakakwana hwesolder paste inodiwa. Izvo zviri padyo nezvikamu kune mumwe nemumwe, iyo shoma solder paste inodiwa kuti udzivise bhiriji. Stencil ukobvu kunokanganisawo huwandu hwe solder paste yakaiswa. Mapepa akakora anowanzo kuisa mamwe solder paste, nepo matete stencils anowanzoisa mashoma solder paste. Kugadzirisa kukora kwe stencil zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvePCB assembly kunogona kubatsira kudzora huwandu hwe solder paste inoshandiswa. Saizi yemapedhi paPCB inofanirawo kutariswa pakusarudza huwandu hwakakodzera hwesolder paste. Mapedhi akakura angada mamwe solder paste vhoriyamu, nepo mapedhi madiki angangoda mashoma solder namira vhoriyamu. Kunyatsoongorora mabhii aya uye kugadzirisa solder paste vhoriyamu zvinoenderana kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira yakawandisa solder deposition uye kuderedza njodzi ye solder bridging.
C. Iva nechokwadi chokuti solder joint reflow: Kuwana zvakakodzera solder joint reflow inokosha pakudzivirira mabhiriji ekutengesa.Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa yakakodzera tembiricha profiles, nguva dzekugara, uye reflow marongero panguva yekushambadzira. Iyo tembiricha mbiri inoreva kudziya uye kutonhora kutenderera iyo PCB inofamba nayo panguva yekuyerera. Iyo inokurudzirwa tembiricha mbiri yeiyo chaiyo solder paste inoshandiswa inofanira kuteverwa. Izvi zvinogonesa kunyungudika kwakakwana uye kuyerera kweiyo solder paste, zvichibvumira kunyorova kwakaringana kwechikamu chinotungamira uye PCB pads uchidzivirira kusakwana kana kusakwana kuyerera. Nguva yekugara, iyo inoreva nguva iyo PCB inofumurwa kune peak reflow tembiricha, inofanirwawo kunyatsotariswa. Nguva yekugara yakakwana inobvumira iyo solder paste kuti inyungudise zvachose uye igadzire inodiwa intermetallic compounds, nekudaro inovandudza kunaka kweiyo solder joint. Kusakwana nguva yekugara kunokonzera kusakwana kunyunguduka, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwemajoini ekutengesa uye kuwedzera kwengozi ye solder mabhiriji. Reflow marongero, senge conveyor kumhanya uye peak tembiricha, inofanirwa kuvandudzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekunyungudika uye kusimba kweiyo solder paste. Izvo zvakakosha kudzora kumhanya kwekufambisa kuti uwane yakakwana yekupisa kupisa uye nguva yakakwana yekuti solder paste iyerere nekusimba. Iyo tembiricha yepamusoro inofanirwa kusetwa kune yakaringana nhanho kune chaiyo solder paste, kuve nechokwadi chekuyerera kwakazara pasina kukonzera yakawandisa solder deposition kana bhiriji.
D. Manage PCB utsanana: Kutarisira zvakanaka PCB utsanana kwakakosha kudzivirira solder bridging.Kusvibiswa paPCB pamusoro kunogona kukanganisa solder wetting uye kuwedzera mukana wekugadzira bhiriji rekutengesa. Kubvisa zvinosvibisa kusati kwaitwa welding kwakakosha. Kunyatsochenesa maPCB uchishandisa akakodzera ekuchenesa maajenti uye matekiniki anozobatsira kubvisa huruva, mwando, oiri, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa. Izvi zvinogonesa kuti solder paste inonyorovesa nemapadhi ePCB uye chikamu chinotungamira, zvichideredza mukana wemabhiriji ekutengesa. Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedza kwakaringana uye kubata maPCB, pamwe nekuderedza kusangana nevanhu, kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kusvibiswa uye kuchengetedza gungano rose rakachena.
E. Post-Soldering Inspection and Rework: Kuita ongororo yakakwana yekuona uye automated Optical inspection (AOI) mushure mekugadzira solder kwakakosha pakuona chero nyaya dzemabridging.Kukurumidza kuona mabhiriji ekutengesa kunobvumira kugadziridzwa nenguva uye kugadzirisa kugadzirisa dambudziko risati rakonzera mamwe matambudziko kana kutadza. Kuongorora kwekuona kunosanganisira kunyatsoongorora majoini ekutengesa kuti uone chero zviratidzo zve solder bridging. Maturusi ekukudza, akadai semaikorosikopu kana loupe, anogona kubatsira kunyatsoona kuvepo kwebhiriji remazino. Masisitimu eAOI anoshandisa tekinoroji yekuongorora-mifananidzo kuona nekuona zvakakanganiswa pabhiriji rekutengesa. Aya masisitimu anogona kukurumidza kuongorora maPCB uye nekupa yakadzama ongororo yemhando yejoint solder, kusanganisira kuvepo kwebhiriji. Masisitimu eAOI anonyanya kubatsira pakuona mabhiriji madiki, akaoma-ku-wana anotengeswa anogona kupotsa panguva yekuongorora. Kana bhiriji rekutengesa rawanikwa, rinofanirwa kuvandudzwa uye kugadziriswa nekukasira. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa maturusi akakodzera uye matekiniki ekubvisa yakawandisa solder uye kuparadzanisa kubatana kwebhiriji. Kutora matanho anodiwa ekugadzirisa solder mabhiriji kwakakosha kudzivirira mamwe matambudziko uye kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa.
4. Mhinduro Dzinoshanda dzeSMT PCB Solder Bridging:
A. Manual desoldering: Pamabhiriji maduku solder, bhuku solder kubviswa imhinduro inoshanda, uchishandisa yakanaka-tip solder simbi pasi magnifying girazi kuwana uye kubvisa solder zambuko.Iyi tekinoroji inoda kubata nekuchenjerera kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kune zvakatenderedza zvikamu kana nzvimbo dzinoitisa. Kuti ubvise mabhiriji e-solder, kupisa chidimbu chesimbi yesimbi uye kunyatsoshandisa kune yakawandisa solder, kuinyungudutsa uye kuifambisa kubva munzira. Izvo zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti muromo wesimbi yekunyungudutsa hausanganise nezvimwe zvikamu kana nzvimbo kudzivirira kukuvadza. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya apo bhiriji rekutengesa rinoonekwa uye rinosvikika, uye kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kuti iite chaiyo uye inodzorwa mafambiro.
B. Shandisa simbi inotengeswa uye solder wire kuti rework: Rework kushandisa soldering iron uye solder waya (inozivikanwawo se desoldering chirukwa) ndiyo imwe mhinduro inoshanda pakubvisa solder mabhiriji.Iyo solder wick yakagadzirwa newaya yakaonda yemhangura yakavharwa ne flux kubatsira mukuparadza. Kuti ushandise nzira iyi, tambo ye solder inoiswa pamusoro peiyo yakawandisa solder uye kupisa kwesimbi yesimbi inoshandiswa kune solder wick. Kupisa kunonyungudutsa solder uye tambo inotora solder yakanyungudutswa, nokudaro ichibvisa. Iyi nzira inoda hunyanzvi uye nemazvo kudzivirira kukuvadza zvinhu zvakatetepa, uye munhu anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chakaringana solder core coverage pane solder bridge. Iyi nzira inogona kudikanwa kudzokororwa kakawanda kuti ibvise zvachose solder.
C. Automatic solder bhiriji kuona uye kubviswa: Advanced kuongorora masisitimu akashongedzerwa muchina vision tekinoroji anogona kukurumidza kuziva mabhiriji solder uye kuita kuti kubviswa kwawo kuburikidza localized laser kupisa kana air jet teknolojia.Izvi zvinogadzirisa zvigadziriso zvinopa kurongeka kwepamusoro uye kushanda zvakanaka pakutsvaga nekubvisa mabhiriji ekutengesa. Mashini ekuona masisitimu anoshandisa makamera uye mifananidzo yekugadzirisa algorithms kuongorora solder joint quality uye kuona chero anomalies, kusanganisira solder mabhiriji. Kana yangozivikanwa, sisitimu inogona kukonzeresa nzira dzakasiyana dzekupindira. Imwe nzira yakadai ndeye localized Laser kudziyisa, uko laser inoshandiswa kusarudza kupisa uye kunyungudutsa solder zambuko kuti ribviswe nyore. Imwe nzira inosanganisira kushandisa concentrated air jet iyo inoshandisa inodzorwa kuyerera kwemhepo kupeperedza yakawandisa solder pasina kukanganisa zvikamu zvakatenderedza. Aya maotomatiki masisitimu anochengetedza nguva uye kushanda nesimba uku uchivimbisa zvinoenderana uye zvakavimbika mhedzisiro.
D. Shandisa selective wave soldering: Selective wave soldering inzira yekudzivirira iyo inoderedza njodzi ye solder mabhiriji panguva yekutengesa.Kusiyana netsika yechinyakare solder, iyo inonyudza iyo PCB yese mufungu reyakanyungudutswa solder, yakasarudzika wave solder inongoshanda yakanyungudutswa solder kune dzakananga nzvimbo, ichipfuura zviri nyore bhiriji zvikamu kana nzvimbo dzinofambisa. Iyi tekinoroji inowanikwa nekushandisa chaiyo inodzorwa nozzle kana inofambiswa welding wave inonangana neinodiwa welding nzvimbo. Nekusarudza kushandisa solder, njodzi yekunyanyisa solder kupararira uye bhiriji inogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya. Selective wave soldering inonyanya kushanda paPCBs ine zvimiro zvakaoma kana yakakwirira-density zvikamu uko njodzi ye solder bridging yakakwira. Inopa kutonga kukuru uye kurongeka panguva yekugadzira, kuderedza mukana we solder mabhiriji kuitika.
Muchidimbu, SMT solder bridging idambudziko rakakura rinogona kukanganisa maitiro ekugadzira uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi. Zvisinei, nekunzwisisa zvikonzero uye kutora matanho ekudzivirira, vagadziri vanogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuitika kwe solder bridging. Kugadziridza dhizaini ye stencil kwakakosha sezvo ichigonesa solder paste deposition uye inoderedza mukana wekuwandisa solder paste ichikonzera bhiriji. Pamusoro pezvo, kudzora solder paste vhoriyamu uye reflow paramita senge tembiricha uye nguva inogona kubatsira kuwana yakakwana solder majoini ekuumbwa uye kudzivirira bhiriji. Kuchengeta nzvimbo yePCB yakachena kwakakosha kudzivirira bhiriji rekutengesa, saka zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekucheneswa kwakakodzera uye kubviswa kwechero zvinosvibisa kana zvakasara kubva pabhodhi. Post-weld inspection maitiro, akadai sekutarisa kwekuona kana otomatiki masisitimu, anogona kuona kuvepo kwechero solder mabhiriji uye kufambisa basa rekugadzirisa panguva yakakodzera kugadzirisa nyaya idzi. Nekuita aya matanho ekudzivirira uye kugadzira mhinduro dzinoshanda, vagadziri vemagetsi vanogona kuderedza njodzi yeSMT solder bridging uye kuve nechokwadi kugadzirwa kweakavimbika, emhando yepamusoro michina yemagetsi. Iyo yakasimba yemhando yekudzora sisitimu uye inoenderera mberi yekuvandudza kuedza kwakakoshawo kutarisa uye kugadzirisa chero inodzokororwa solder bridging nyaya. Nekutora matanho akakodzera, vagadziri vanogona kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira, kuderedza mitengo ine chekuita nekugadzirisa zvakare uye kugadzirisa, uye pakupedzisira kuendesa zvigadzirwa zvinosangana kana kudarika zvinotarisirwa nevatengi.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-11-2023
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